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医学信息[ISSN:1006-1959/CN:61-1278/R]

卷:

34卷

期数:

2021年11期

页码:

137-139

栏目:

调查分析

出版日期:

2021-06-01

文章信息/Info

Title:

Analysis on the Needs of Rural Empty-nest Elderly Care Services from the Perspective of Urban and Rural Integration

文章编号:

1006-1959（2021）11-0137-03

作者:

乔昌秀; 吴 伟 ; 杨 敏

（1.滨州医学院护理学院，山东 滨州 256603； 2.滨州医学院附属医院输血科，山东 滨州 256603）

Author(s):

QIAO Chang-xiu; WU Wei; YANG Min

(1.School of Nursing,Binzhou Medical University,Binzhou 256603,Shandong,China; 2.Department of Blood Transfusion,Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Binzhou 256603,Shandong,China)

关键词:

城乡一体化; 农村; 空巢老人; 养老意愿

Keywords:

Urban-rural integration; Rural areas; Empty-nest elderly; Willingness to provide for the elderly

分类号:

R161.7

DOI:

10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2021.11.038

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

目的 了解城乡一体化视域下农村空巢老人养老服务需求，并提出相应对策。方法 于2019年12月~2020年1月分层随机抽取山东省B市309名空巢老人为研究对象，采用社区老年人养老服务需求测量问卷，从躯体健康、心理健康、社会健康、养老意愿4个方面进行问卷调查。结果 农村空巢老人的养老服务需求为（21.23±3.04）分；空巢老人对他人表达意愿及信息的理解能力、对自我意愿及信息的表达能力得分率最低；患病情况得分率最高，其中80.90%老人处于健康或患1种疾病，89.32%老人生活自理能力较好，84.14%老人有较好的视力，97.73%老人仅有轻度及以下的跌倒风险；96.44%空巢老人无焦虑，89.95%老人无抑郁，85.44%老人有正常的自我意愿及信息表达能力，98.38%老人对他人表达的意愿及信息有正常的理解能力；15.54%老人的家属能提供正常的家庭照护；95.14%空巢老人期望居家养老或社区养老，94.82%空巢老人家属倾向选择居家养老或社区养老。不同年龄段、不同家庭结构及不同收入老人的养老服务需求比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 农村空巢老人健康状况相对稳定，倾向选择居家养老或社区养老，且养老需求受年龄、家庭结构及经济收入等因素影响较大。城乡一体化视域下，应因地制宜建立和完善适合农村空巢老人需求的养老保障体系。

Abstract:

Objective To understand the needs of rural empty-nest elderly care services under the perspective of urban-rural integration, and propose corresponding countermeasures.Methods From December 2019 to January 2020, 309 empty nest elderly people in B city, Shandong Province were randomly selected as the research objects. A questionnaire to measure the needs of elderly care services in the community was used to conduct a questionnaire survey from four aspects: physical health, mental health, social health, and willingness to provide for the elderly.Results The demand for elderly care services for the empty-nest elderly in rural areas was (21.23±3.04) points;The empty-nest elderly had the lowest scores for their ability to express wishes and information of others, and their ability to express themselves and information;The sickness score rate was the highest, of which 80.90% of the elderly were healthy or suffering from one disease, 89.32% of the elderly had good self-care ability, 84.14% of the elderly had good eyesight, and 97.73% of the elderly had only a slight risk of falling or below;96.44% of the empty-nest elderly had no anxiety, 89.95% of the elderly had no depression, 85.44% of the elderly had normal self-will and information expression ability, and 98.38% of the elderly had normal understanding of the wishes and information expressed by others;15.54% of the family members of the elderly can provide normal family care;95.14% of the empty-nest elderly expect home care or community care, and 94.82% of the empty-nest elderly’s families tend to choose home care or community care.There was a statistically significant difference in the needs of elderly people in different age groups, family structures and incomes for elderly care services (P＜0.05).Conclusion The health status of the empty-nest elderly in rural areas is relatively stable, and they tend to choose home care or community care, and their retirement needs are greatly affected by factors such as age, family structure and economic income.Under the perspective of urban-rural integration, an old-age security system suitable for the needs of the empty-nest elderly in rural areas should be established and improved according to local conditions.

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更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01